Earners of this badge have acquired a solid understanding of key technologies and components used in Layer 1 and Layer 2 Next-Generation Transmission at an architecture level, including MPLS-TE, Provider Bridging, Pseudowires, WDM, OTN, ASON and GMPLS, giving a vendor-independent perspective on the underlying standards and technologies, covering capabilities that are being deployed in live networks in support of next-generation services such as 5G and the IoT.