Earners of this badge have learnt about the origins of the Internet and the development of the protocols that support its function. They have learnt about the TCP/IP protocol stack and can explain the functions of each layer and describe the typical headers used. in addition learners will be able to describe the supplemental protocols such as ARP, ICMP,DNS, IGMP. At this stage learners also have a good idea of the applications that may be transported by the TCP/IP stack